In the era of traditional fuel vehicles, multinational automakers have accumulated hundreds of years of technology accumulation in the core engines, chassis and gearboxes, making it difficult for domestic manufacturers to overcome in a short period of time. New energy vehicles do not have such a burden. The power comes from the battery. The motor can change the speed depending on the power, and it is easy to achieve stepless speed change. Since the battery is almost entirely distributed on the chassis, the design and tuning of the chassis is also different from that of the fuel car.

Because of this, when the industry trend turns to new energy and intelligence, the independent brand bypasses the technical limitations of traditional fuel vehicles, and stands on the same starting line with the automobile industry powerhouse, and even has the possibility of overtaking.

Self-owned brand masters some core technologies

The market penetration of new energy vehicles is getting faster and faster.

According to the latest statistics released by the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in the first five months of this year, the production and sales of new energy vehicles completed 328,000, an increase of 122.9% and 141.6% over the same period of the previous year. Among them, the production and sales of pure electric vehicles also completed 250,000 vehicles, an increase of 105.1% and 124.7% over the same period of the previous year.

At the same time, China has attached great importance to the three core technologies of new energy automobile industry such as battery, electric motor and electronic control, and has become the focus of competition among major new energy auto companies.

Zhang Xiyong, general manager of Beijing Automotive Group, said that after a long-term continuous investment and careful cultivation, the development of China's new energy automobile industry has accumulated certain first-mover advantages. China's new energy automobile industry has formed a complete industrial chain from the research and development of key components such as raw material supply, power battery and vehicle controller to vehicle design and manufacturing, as well as the construction of charging infrastructure. It has certain industrial foundation and advantages.

It is understood that many domestic brands including Beiqi, Jianghuai, BYD, Geely, etc. have indicated that they have mastered the core technologies of batteries, motors and electronic controls for new energy vehicles. Not only that, but a number of large-scale new energy auto parts companies such as Ningde Times, Guoneng Hi-Tech and Guoxuan Hi-Tech have also developed rapidly.

Obviously, in the field of new energy vehicles, compared with developed countries, the gap between Chinese enterprises in terms of vehicle and core technology is not as large as that of traditional fuel vehicles.

But there is a problem that has to be brought to our attention. According to data released by the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, from 1995 to 2015, the total number of patent applications for new energy vehicles worldwide was nearly 200,000. Among them, the auto powers Japan's new energy vehicle patent applications accounted for 46% of the total global applications, with an absolute advantage; China followed closely accounted for 18%, but China's patent applications are mainly concentrated in power battery systems, fuel cell vehicles and In terms of vehicle control and accessories, this shows that China has invested heavily in the research and development of key components of new energy vehicles, but there are fewer patents for the entire vehicle.

The industry believes that the integration of the automotive industry with emerging technologies such as the Internet, big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence is accelerating, beginning to enter a new era of technological revolution and innovation. This is a period of strategic opportunities for us to realize the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry and become stronger and stronger. Therefore, efforts need to be made to improve their own technology accumulation and increase the intensity of vehicle R&D and patent distribution.

Strengthening core technology integration innovations everywhere

By the end of last year, China's new energy vehicle production reached 777,000 units, with a cumulative sales of 1.8 million units, contributing half of the total global new energy vehicle sales, and ranked first in the world for three consecutive years.

From the continuous introduction of policies such as “double points”, new energy vehicles exemption from car purchase tax, and power battery recycling and reuse programs, we can see the importance the state attaches to the new energy automobile industry.

Not only the whole vehicle, but also local governments have actively supported the research and development of the core technologies of new energy vehicles and the related layout of the industrial chain.

It is reported that Shangrao City of Jiangxi Province is actively encouraging domestic and foreign enterprises to build auto parts projects, vigorously improve the parts system, and speed up the construction of engine parts and core components such as batteries, motors and electronic controls. At present, a number of batteries, motors, and electronic control projects are rapidly under construction.

According to the plan, by 2020, Shangrao City will build a new energy core parts industrial park and key parts industrial park, focusing on five core components such as engine, range extender, battery, motor and electronic control, and settled in 300 parts. Enterprises, and built a new energy intelligent vehicle comprehensive test site.

Shanghai has become the base for the production of new energy vehicle motors, accounting for 24% of the national total. It has a number of advantageous enterprises such as Shanghai Zhongke Shenjiang, Shanghai Dajun Power, SAIC Drive, Shanghai Xinguo Power, and Dayang Electric.

The data shows that in the new energy vehicle market, the number of motor electric control packages for new energy vehicles in China exceeded 700,000 sets in 2017, and the market size of the industry reached 22.5 billion yuan. It is expected to exceed 120 billion yuan by 2023. At the same time, by 2020, the production capacity of seven major domestic power battery manufacturers will also reach 100GWh (electric power measurement unit, 1GWh equals 1 million degrees), which can meet the demand of 2 million to 3 million pure electric vehicles.

Core technology upgrades to promote the development of new energy vehicles

In recent years, due to the continuous expansion of battery demand, the prices of raw materials such as lithium and cobalt continue to rise. Taking cobalt as an example, the price of cobalt in 2016 was 200,000/ton, and the current price has exceeded 600,000 yuan/ton, which has tripled in less than three years.

Cobalt is an important material for batteries. Its proportion in ternary batteries is about 13%. Its price surge has formed a huge resistance to the effective decline of power battery costs. Therefore, improving battery energy density and tapping new battery materials have become two paths in front of new energy vehicle companies.

Experts said that the advancement and maturity of batteries, electronic control and electric motors play a key role in the commercial development of new energy vehicles, especially pure electric vehicles. If pure electric vehicles win in comparison with traditional fuel vehicles, they must Advantages in technology and cost.

It is understood that many companies such as BAIC, BYD, and Geely have jointly established the China New Energy Technology Innovation Center. The basic research of power batteries is an important part of it. In the future, China's new energy technology innovation center will also improve the policy system for coordinated development of the industrial chain, attach importance to the establishment of power battery technology standards and the use of recycling ladders to reduce production and research and development costs.

After efforts, China has achieved phased results in power batteries. According to Zhang Xiyong, "By 2020, the energy density of China's batteries will increase to 220Wh / kg, the battery system cost is expected to drop to about 1,000 yuan per kilowatt-hour, which makes the price of pure electric A-class vehicles from the current 200,000 yuan dropped to about 150,000 yuan, close to the price level of traditional fuel vehicles. If the life cycle cost is comprehensively considered, the cost of purchasing and using new energy vehicles and traditional fuel vehicles is basically the same."

However, the industry believes that for China's new energy auto industry, the competition in the industry is not only the competition among battery companies, but also the competition in the whole workshop. The whole vehicle and parts are interdependent and progress together. Relationship. Therefore, we must stand at the height of industrial development, adhere to the attitude of open cooperation, and carry out all-round research on the basic theories, high-end equipment, key materials, key technologies and component assemblies of new energy vehicles, and embark on a new energy adaptation. A new path for the new ecology of the automotive industry.

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