The large-area graphene films prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods have important application prospects in the field of thin-film optoelectronic devices such as flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic solar cells, and their clean, lossless transfer is the key to achieving these applications. Although a variety of methods for transferring a polymer represented by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a transfer medium have been developed at present, the interaction between the polymer and graphene is strong and difficult to dissolve in a solvent, resulting in the transfer The graphene surface has a large number of polymer residues and breakage, which not only reduces the photoelectric properties of the graphene, but also greatly increases the surface roughness of the graphene. For example, the surface roughness of the monolayer graphene after the PMMA transfer can reach several hundred. Nano. Therefore, a thin film device prepared using this as a transparent electrode is prone to short-circuiting and low efficiency, and the preparation of a large-area device is particularly difficult. It has been reported that the light emitting area of ​​OLED devices using graphene as a transparent electrode is mostly less than 1 square centimeter, while the active area of ​​organic solar cells is less than 0.6 square centimeters. Recently, the graphene research group of the Advanced Carbon Materials Research Division of the National (Joint) National Laboratory for Materials Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Metal Research, developed a transfer method using small molecules of rosin as a transfer medium, achieving large-area graphene clean and lossless. Transfer. Compared to conventional polymer transfer media such as PMMA, small-molecule rosin resins are not only soluble in many organic solvents, but also have much weaker interactions with graphene, and they can form films with sufficient strength to perform the transfer process. Support the role of graphene. It was found that graphene films transferred by rosin were far superior to those transferred by PMMA in surface roughness, structural integrity, optoelectronic properties, and uniformity. The single-layer graphene film has a maximum surface roughness of only 15 nm and a light transmittance of 97.4%, and its surface resistance changes less than 1% over a large area. The conductivity of the five-layer graphene film obtained after multiple transfer has been greatly improved, but its maximum surface roughness is only 35 nm. On this basis, they collaborated with the researchers of the Madongge Research Group of the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and used this kind of graphene with clean surface, complete structure, and low roughness as a transparent electrode to produce uniform light emission and an area The 56 square centimeter 4-inch graphene-based flexible OLED prototype device has a brightness of up to 10,000 cd m-2, has achieved practical requirements for illumination and display, and does not attenuate after several bends. The above results provide a general strategy for the clean and nondestructive transfer of graphene and other two-dimensional materials prepared by the CVD method, which is of great significance for promoting its application in large-area electronic and optoelectronic devices. This achievement was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology's key research and development program, the National Natural Science Foundation of China's Outstanding Youth Fund, major projects, innovative groups, and key deployment projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It was published online on Nature-Communications on February 24 (Nature Communications , DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS14560, 2017). Kaysen Steel is a China manufacturer, supplier and exporter for Stainless Steel Sanitary Pipe Fittings, ISO1127 Sanitary Pipe Fittings, ISO1127 Hygienic Fittings, ISO1127 food grade fittings with Welded, Tri-Clamped, Threaded ends, in 3A, DIN, SMS, BS, RTJ, ISO, IDF, DS, INCH standard, SS304 & SS316L material, which is used in Food, milk, beer, brewage, pharmacy, comestic, biopharmacy, etc. Welcome to buy ISO1127 sanitary pipe fittings, ISO1127 Hygienic Fittings, ISO1127 food grade fittings from us in most favorable price, any questions or requests, pls feel free to contact us! ISO1127 Sanitary Pipe Fittings ISO1127 Sanitary Pipe Fittings,ISO1127 Sanitary Fittings,ISO1127 Hygienic Fittings,ISO1127 Fittings Kaysen Steel Industry Co., Ltd. , https://www.chinasanitaryvalve.com
ISO1127 Sanitary Pipe Fitting Specification:
â–ª Standard:3A, DIN, SMS, BS, RTJ, ISO, IDF, DS, INCH, etc
â–ª Material: Stainless Steel 304 (1.4301), Stainless Steel 316L(1.4404) etc.
▪ Size Range: 1/2″ to 12″ / DN15 ~ DN300
â–ª Connection Type: Welded, Tri-Clamped, Threaded
Surface Finish:
Mechanically polished and electropolished are available for our products.
Tube and Fittings: Ra0.4, Ra0.6, Ra0.8 or specified
Quality & Inspection:
â–ª PMI test to verify material grade
â–ª Dimension controlling during fabricating and finished
â–ª Visual and surface 100% examination before shipment
â–ª Packed in carton box firstly, then in wooden case