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Photothermal power generation or will become the dominant domestic energy in the future
In mid-July, China marked a significant milestone in renewable energy by connecting its first solar thermal power station to the grid in Qinghai. This development signals that China's independently developed concentrated solar power (CSP) technology has entered the initial phase of commercial operation. According to information from the National Energy Administration’s website, this is the first large-scale tower-type solar thermal power plant in Delingha, located in the Qaidam Basin. The facility has a total installed capacity of 50 megawatts and was developed by Qinghai Zhongkong Solar Power Co., Ltd. The first unit, a 10-MW project, has already been integrated into the Qinghai Power Grid, while the second phase, a 40-MW CSP project, is expected to be fully completed by 2014. Once operational, the plant is projected to generate 112.5 million kWh annually with a peak efficiency of 24%, saving approximately 39,400 tons of standard coal each year. In October, another demonstration project will also be launched in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, with a total capacity of 92.5 MW.
Solar thermal energy is not a new concept; many are familiar with it through solar water heaters. The basic principle involves using reflectors to concentrate sunlight onto a collector, where the heat is used to warm a medium—often a liquid or gas—that then generates steam to drive electricity production. The development of solar thermal power projects in China began in 2011, when the country awarded its first trough-type solar thermal power station in Inner Mongolia, a 50-MW project. Datang New Energy Co., Ltd. submitted the lowest bid at 0.9399 yuan per kWh, signaling early confidence in the technology.
Through continuous innovation and integration of various technologies, solar thermal energy has evolved from a standalone energy source to a multi-energy system, supporting broader applications. This aligns with the strategic goals outlined in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the solar energy industry. Industry experts remain optimistic about the future of both photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation. Some even predict that, as the world moves toward a low-carbon economy and a new energy revolution, solar thermal power could become China’s most significant energy source in the coming decades.
At the Agrion 2013 Energy and Sustainable Development Summit held in late June, Gao Gushi and Qu Xueji from the Chinese Academy of Space Science and Technology presented on the development and future prospects of solar thermal power generation and solar thermal conversion technology. According to Qu Xueji, although solar photovoltaics have long been used in aerospace and other fields, solar thermal power had not previously received specific government policy support. However, in recent years, the National Energy Administration has actively promoted the development of CSP technology under the framework of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy. The plan clearly states that the solar power industry will experience rapid growth over the next five to ten years.
According to the International Energy Agency's (IEA) Energy Outlook report, renewable energy sources will see substantial growth in the next five years, particularly in developing countries like China. Renewable energy is expected to account for two-thirds of global electricity growth, with more than a quarter of the world’s electricity coming from renewable sources by 2018. This trend underscores the increasing importance of solar thermal and photovoltaic power in shaping a sustainable energy future.