Shot peening to prevent torsional fatigue of automobile parts

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Torsion fatigue

Torsional fatigue is also a form of failure that can be effectively overcome by shot blasting/shot peening because its tensile stress is concentrated on the surface of the workpiece. The stress generated by the torsional load can be either horizontal or vertical, and the maximum tensile stress occurs at a 45 degree angle to the horizontal axis of the part.

Low-strength materials tend to fail fracture at the vertical shear plane due to torsional fatigue. That's because they are less tolerant of shear forces than they are tostand tensile forces. High-strength materials are most likely to fail fracture at 45 degrees to the horizontal axis of the workpiece because they are less tolerant of tensile forces than shear forces.

compressed spring

The compression spring is subjected to high alternating load and the maximum stress occurs on the surface of the spring material, so shot blasting/shot peening is also an ideal process to improve the fatigue strength of the compression spring. Spring materials cause tensile stress during rolling, drawing, rolling, and compression. In addition to the conditions of high alternating load after service, the rolling process itself causes destructive tensile stresses on the inner ring of the spring.

Shot blasting/shot peening introduces a reactive compressive stress that transforms the surface into a residual pressure layer with a strength of approximately 150 ksi (1035 MPa). This is 60% of the ultimate tensile strength of the spring (UTS), which results in a spring fatigue life extended to 500,000 times of load without failure.

In addition to the compression spring, shot blasting/shot peening is also suitable for the reinforcement of other springs such as tension springs, torsion springs, suspension springs, leaf springs, etc. The fatigue failure point usually occurs where the residual tensile stress and the subjected to the alternating load stress concentration, so the strengthening points of the different springs are different.

transmission shaft

The drive shaft is powered by rotation, so a tensile load is generated on its rotating member. Since most of the drive shafts are large load bearing members, they are the best suitable targets for shot blasting/shot peening. The parts of the drive shaft that normally fail are at splines, cuts, rounded corners, and keyways.

Torsion bar

Torsion bars and lateral thrust bars are components for suspension and other related systems. Stabilization is achieved by the torsional deformation of the torsion bar to achieve a cushioning effect. When used in parts such as automotive suspension systems that are subject to repeated alternating loads, shot blasting/shot peening can reduce parts and have a longer service life.

Automotive torsion bar – The automotive industry uses lightweight torsion bars for lightweight purposes. Shot blasting/shot peening applies to the outer ring of the torsion bar with the most concentrated load stress. For heavy-duty vehicles (such as heavy-duty trucks, racing cars, etc.), cracks can also occur in the inner ring of the torsion bar, which is also subject to torsional loads.

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