Many people who are designing their homes choose to transform the rooftop into a beautiful garden. However, it's important to consider the structural load when planning such projects. Each element in a rooftop garden contributes to the total weight, which needs to be converted into an equivalent uniform load per square meter and compared with the live load capacity of the building. Below are some commonly referenced load values for different garden elements. Rooftop Garden Design: Planting Areas 1. The weight of plants varies depending on their size. For example, grass turf is about 5 kg/m², small shrubs around 10 kg/m², large shrubs between 20-30 kg/m², small trees up to 60 kg/m² (up to 10 meters tall), and large trees can reach up to 150 kg/m² (up to 15 meters tall). 2. Artificially prepared planting soil is typically a lightweight mix, ranging from 700 to 1600 kg/m³. When calculating, it’s best to use the wet bulk density after watering, which may increase by 20% to 50%, depending on the moisture content. 3. Drainage layers made of pebbles, vermiculite, or coarse sand weigh between 2000 and 2500 kg/m³, while expanded clay (ceramsite) is much lighter at around 600 kg/m³. Rooftop Garden Design: Water Features Water bodies add significant weight. A water depth of 30 mm equates to a load of 300 kg/m², and 50 mm of water adds 500 kg/m². The weight of pool walls should be calculated based on the material used, and the height of the pool must be converted into a load per square meter for accurate structural analysis. Rooftop Garden Design: Rockery and Stone Features Rockeries and stone structures are calculated by multiplying the actual volume of the rock by a porosity factor of 0.8 to 0.9, then determining the load per square meter based on the type and density of the stone used. Additional Load Considerations Other structures like pergolas, benches, or decorative elements should also be considered. These loads are usually concentrated on support columns or beams, so it's essential to convert them into area-based loads during the design phase. Proper planning ensures that the roof structure remains safe and stable under all conditions.
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