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The failure of three-phase asynchronous motors can generally be divided into two categories:
One type is electrical faults such as various types of switches, push buttons, fuses, brushes, stator windings, rotors, and starting equipment.
The other type is mechanical failures such as bearings, blades, housings, couplings, end caps, bearing caps, shafts, etc. If the motor fails, some abnormalities will occur:
The following Dalan motor introduces the common accumulation fault phenomenon and maintenance method of three-phase asynchronous motor:
Seven common faults of the motor: (1) the motor does not rotate (2) the motor speed is lower than the rated value (3) the motor casing is charged (4) the motor sound is abnormal (5) the motor bearing is overheated (6) the motor temperature is too high (7) Wound motor slip ring is too large
First, the motor does not turn, the analysis power is not connected:
1. If the power supply is not connected or the contact is poor, the motor will not turn. At this time, the electrician should check the switch, fuse, various contacts and wiring heads, and gradually check the fault for maintenance.
2. When starting, the fuse fuse is blown and causes no rotation: find out the cause of the fuse, check the fault, and match the fuse with the same specification according to the motor capacity.
3. The overcurrent relay setting current is too small to cause no rotation: at this time, it should be properly adjusted; if the load is too large or the structure of the transmission is not caused by the main card: select a larger capacity motor or reduce the load, and check the transmission mechanism.
4, the stator or rotor winding open circuit causes no rotation: open the junction box and use the multimeter ohm file to check whether the motor winding is broken (wire break), if there is an open circuit, there will be an abnormal resistance value, you need to open the motor to further check the disconnection point, connect well .
Second, the motor speed is lower than the rated value
1. The power supply voltage is too low: if the voltage is too low, the motor power will be insufficient. Therefore, when the belt is loaded, the motor speed is lower than the rated value. At this time, the motor input voltage can be measured with a voltmeter or a multimeter.
2, the load is too large: at this time should use a larger capacity motor or reduce the load; squirrel cage rotor broken strip: after removing the first 1, 2, you can open the motor inspection, find the broken strip and add welding.
Third, the motor casing is charged
1. The reason why the three-phase asynchronous motor housing is charged may be: this means that the motor casing is not grounded or damaged, and the grounding device is damaged, the winding of the motor is damp, the insulation is aging, the insulation inside is not good, and the leakage is connected, or the lead wire is connected. The motor housing is on. In this case, first check if the grounding device of the motor is intact and re-ground. The motor should be dried and the windings with severely aged insulation should be replaced.
Fourth, the motor sound is not normal
1. The two-phase operation has a buzzing sound: restart after stopping. If the two-phase running motor will not rotate, find out the cause of the missing phase and eliminate it.
2. Three-phase current imbalance: Check the cause of the imbalance of the three-phase power supply, which is caused by the power supply voltage or the three-phase current imbalance caused by the motor itself. Find out the cause and eliminate it.
The machine disconnects the connecting wires of each of the coils of one phase, checks the short-circuit point in groups, and re-insulates after detecting.
3. Short-circuiting the stator winding to the ground: Check with the shaker or multimeter to find the grounding winding. If the insulation is damaged, re-insulate, if it is serious, replace the winding; if it is damp, it can be dried and then coated with a layer of insulating varnish.
4. Stator winding wiring error: Disassemble the motor to find the error and rewire.
5. Wound wire motor rotor slip ring contact is poor: Correcting the slip ring indicates that the carbon brush pressure is adjusted.
Five, motor bearing overheating
1. The bearing and the shaft are too loose (going inside the garden) or too tight: too loose or too tight will cause excessive friction, which will cause the motor bearing temperature to rise. For loose shafts, the sleeve can be set, and if it is too tight, the shaft can be reworked to the standard size.
2. The bearing and the end cap are too loose (toward the outer circle) or too tight: when the cap is too loose, the end cap is inlaid, and the overtightening is the standard size for reworking.
3, too much or too little bearing lubricant or poor oil quality: add oil or oil change; 4, bearing damage: replace the bearing.
Sixth, the motor temperature is too high
1. The load is too large: the overload operation will lead to an increase in the winding current, so that the temperature rises or even the burnt wire is insulated and the burnt smell occurs. At this time, a large-capacity motor or a load should be used; Two-phase operation: check the fuse , contacts, lines and troubleshooting.
2, motor air duct obstruction: This will lead to poor heat dissipation, and thus the temperature rises, should remove foreign matter such as grease or dust in the air duct.
3, the ambient temperature is increased: for example, under exposure to the sun, or the attachment has a heat source, at this time should take sunshade or cooling measures.
Seven, the winding motor slip ring is too large
1. The brush number or size is not suitable: the size of the motor is different from the size of the brush (carbon brush) used, and the shape is also different. If it is mixed, it will lead to poor contact, resulting in excessive sparks.
2, the slip ring indicates dirt: the dirt may be caused by long-term sparks, wear, etc., the motor may also have grooves for long-term use, these grooves, dirt will also cause poor contact between the carbon brush and the slip ring, resulting in too large The spark is recommended to be sanded with fine sandpaper. If necessary, you can use a lathe to drive light.
3. The brush pressure is too small or too large: the brush pressure is too small and the looseness generated, and the excessive friction generated when it is too tight may cause the spark to be too large; it is recommended to adjust the spring pressure.
----- Editor-in-Chief: Dalan Oil Pump Motor 02-Procurement Consultant
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