Chinese membrane structure

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The development of China's modern spatial structure has been influenced by the advanced technology of Western countries. In recent years, there has been an active trend in the application of membrane structures. Although the scale of the project was small at first, it has gradually expanded to a larger area and span. The technologies and materials used are still dependent on foreign countries in the South China Sea, and it is expected that more projects will be completed by their own strength. In the past decade, many cities in China are planning to build new sports facilities. Due to its light weight, membrane structures are often used. Sports architecture can be said to be a breakthrough in the application of membrane structure in China. Before 1997, only a small number of small and medium-sized membrane structures were built. In the same year, the 7th National Games held in Shanghai, the membrane structure was used in the grandstand of the main stadium, with a total area of ​​36,100 m2. This is the first time that China has used the roof made of membrane material on a large-scale permanent building with far-reaching effects. At that time, the PTFE-coated glass fiber membrane and engineering installation also relied on the power of foreign countries. After the successful completion of the Shanghai Stadium, although its price is still higher than the traditional structure, there are some stadiums with membrane structure roofs.

Jizhong Stadium is located in the coastal city of Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is the first large-scale membrane structure stadium designed and constructed by itself. The outsourcing size is 266m×180m, which can accommodate 60,000 spectators. The cantilevered 40m roof is a typical tensioning system consisting of a membrane, cable and steel support structure. The entire roof consists of 70 conical cord membrane units with a total area of ​​30,000 m2. Looking around the whole of China, the new sports center is being planned one by one, and the membrane structure has become the preferred choice for covering the main stadium. It is estimated that more than ten stadiums have been adopted. Among the big cities are Shanghai (Hongkou District Football Stadium), Wuhan, Zhengzhou and Guangzhou, and Yantai, Weihai and Wuhu in small and medium-sized cities. Another suitable object for membrane construction is the indoor stadium, which has just begun in China. The Qinhuangdao Gymnasium in North China is the first project to use a double-layer membrane. Its plane is elliptical, with lengths and short axes of 112m and 98m. A recent example is the water park in Chengdu. This large building of 20,000 m2 is used as a floating movement in the Dead Sea. A series of arched steel trusses span 115m and are covered with PVC polyester fabric.

Membrane structures have been used to cover some indoor or outdoor performance facilities. Most of them are tensioned membrane structures supported by steel frames. Examples of the completion are: Changsha Window of the World Theater (3500m2), Shenzhen Happy Valley Center Performance Hall (5800m2), Guangzhou Ocean World Dolphinar Museum (2840m2) and Tianjin Taifeng Storm Theater (1000m2). The Window of the World Theater was completed in 1998 and was one of the early projects using PVC cladding membranes.

Due to the expansion of communication within the map and internationally, many new conference and exhibition buildings are needed. In 1999, the China Hi-Tech Fair was held in Shenzhen. Two pavilions with an area of ​​2,400 m2 were covered with a membrane roof, showing the outstanding advantages of light weight and light transmission. In the small town of Boao, Hainan Province, it is famous for a series of high-level meetings attended by important figures from around the world. The membrane structure was adopted at the main venue, and the construction period was very urgent. The 4000m2 membrane roof was completed within 40 days. The International Convention and Exhibition Center was built in Nanning, the capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. A steel dome covered with a membrane is located above the multi-purpose hall to become the focal point of the entire building. The inner and outer sides of the steel structure are covered with double PTFE fiberglass fabric. The membrane structure can also be used to cover a variety of small buildings, such as gas stations, toll stations, service centers, gate entrances and sunshades. Although the area of ​​each project is only a few hundred square meters, the number of projects is very large. The total number of projects in the country is combined, and the number of membranes is considerable.

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