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/*728*90 created on 2018/5/16*/ var cpro_id = "u3440131"; Home>Bearing knowledge>Liquid-solid kneading process for zinc-based bearing alloys Liquid-solid kneading forming process of zinc-based bearing alloy
Abstract: The liquid-solid kneading process of zinc-based bearing alloys was studied. The mechanical functions of the profiles prepared by this process are higher than those of the as-cast ones; this will promote the application of zinc-based alloy materials. /*250*250 was created on 2017/12/25*/ var cpro_id = 'u3171089';
Zinc-based wear-resistant alloy as bearing data; its function can be compared with tin bronze which is widely used in China; it is an aspirational material that can replace tin bronze [1]. China's copper and tin resources are lacking; zinc reserves are abundant; Bearing alloy can handle the problem of domestic bearing materials. However, most of the current zinc-based alloys are supplied by alloy ingots; usually users have limited dosage; most of them have no remelting and pouring equipment; this method is prevented from being used. Combined process; liquid-solid kneading of smelted zinc-based alloy to make different specification profiles and blanks that can be directly machined by users; promoting the application of zinc-based alloy materials.
1 Experimental conditions and methods 1. The chemical composition of the zinc-based alloy used in the experiment is the 3#, 4# zinc-based alloy developed by Luoyang Institute of Technology.
1.2 Smelting and kneading equipment The alloy smelting equipment is a high-frequency electric furnace; the kneading equipment is a YASS-315 type hydraulic press. Firstly, it is smelted and cast into a zinc-based alloy ingot in a high-frequency electric furnace; then the alloy ingot is placed at the hydraulic press site. After remelting in the resistance furnace; liquid-solid kneading; making the blank; the final blank is kneaded by hot solid to form the pipe. Considering the melting of the electric furnace and the stroke of the hydraulic press; the outer diameter of the kneading pipe is taken 50mm, inner diameter of 20mm, length of 400 ~ 500mm.
1.3 Process plan and process road are separated from gravity casting (metal type) and liquid-solid kneading; zinc, aluminum, copper ingot and other alloys are used as materials; alloy ingot melting temperature is 520 ~ 540 ° C. - when solid kneading; preheat the mold to above 100 ° C; pour the molten metal into the cavity; then knead. The main process road is as follows:
Alloy melting (520 ~ 540 ° C) →
Liquid-solid kneading hole type blank (480～500°C)→
Hot solid kneading pipe (280 ~ 300 ° C).
1. 4 liquid-solid kneading mold This mold adopts separate movable mandrel. Before pouring liquid metal, the mandrel is pierced into the concave mold; the lower top rod 2 is topped in the upper limit by the top of the press; To support the mandrel 1. When the kneading is performed, the hollow punch is descended. The mandrel is introduced into the middle hole of the punch; after the molten metal is completely closed, the opening is kneaded. After the liquid metal is poured into the cavity with a lower temperature; Some of the touches on the outside of the mold are quickly condensed; then a thin, closed solid shell is formed. To ensure that the liquid metal crystallizes, condenses and deforms under three-way compressive stress; the back pressure of the ejector cylinder is pre-adjusted After kneading, use the ejector cylinder to push the completely condensed hollow metal blank together with the mandrel to the die; finally, the mandrel is pressed out of the blank outside the mold.
Liquid-solid kneading mold 1, movable mandrel, 2, lower ejector rod, 3-hollow punch, 4-die 2 mechanical function comparison test from the liquid-solid kneading blank of 4# zinc-based alloy; The hot-solid kneaded pipe and the gravity-cast casting are intercepted; the mechanical function is tested. The tensile and impact specimens of the standard shape and scale are prepared as required. The impact specimen is a V-notch specimen; The outer dimensions are 55mm × 10 mm × 10 mm; the V-notch depth is 2 mm × 45 °; each sample takes 3 samples.
Table 2 The mechanical functions of the molded specimens under different process conditions of zinc-based alloy profiles can be seen from the test results; compared with the as-cast zinc-based alloys; the mechanical properties of the zinc-based alloys after liquid-solid kneading deformation are all There is a different degree of progress; the plasticity and resistance goals are multiplied during the period; the solid kneading alloy has the best function; it is more ambitious than the as-cast function. This is mainly due to the kneading deformation of the alloy melt during the crystallization process; Grain refinement of the alloy; and segregation of the composition to obtain æº. The alloy is kneaded in liquid-solid state; more or less remains of some as-cast arrangements; but when subjected to more intense plastic deformation in hot solid kneading; The as-cast arrangement will be completely eliminated; the alloy arrangement will be more detailed. These can also be reflected in the difference in mechanical function.
3 Wear test Generally speaking; the arrangement of kneading deformed alloy tubing is fibrous; there is a significant flow line; the mechanical function in different directions is not the same; the anisotropy of the arrangement of hot solid kneading tubing is more To be obvious. To clarify the connection between the zinc-based alloy arrangement and the wear-resisting function; the wear test was carried out on the zinc-based alloy under different processing conditions; the experiment was carried out on the MM-200 wear test machine.
The experimental load is 50kg; the speed is 0. 32m/s; the 20# engine oil is used as the lubricant; the conflict time is 2h; the 45 steel shaft sample with HRC50~52 is used as the counter grinding data; the experimental results are shown in Fig. 2.
In addition, the relative wear resistance (ε) of 3#, 4# zinc-based alloy and tin bronze ZQSn6-6-3 was also determined; the experimental equipment and experimental conditions were the same as those of the zinc-based alloy wear test; 1. 5h; the experimental results are shown in Figure 3.
Relative wear resistance ε=B′/B. where: B is the wear scar width of the reference sample (3#) (relative wear resistance is 1). B′ is the wear scar width of the experimental sample.
It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the wear-resisting functions of the liquid-solid and solid kneaded zinc-based alloys are much better than those of the as-cast state; the wear-resisting function of the solid kneading is the best. It can be seen from Fig. 3; The wear-resisting functions of liquid-solid and solid kneaded zinc-based alloys are better than the commonly used bronze data ZQSn6-6-3.
4 The liquid-solid kneading process of zinc-based alloy pipe is completely feasible; the functions of the pipe are significantly better than the as-cast. The tensile strength σb is improved by 20.6%; the elongation δ5 is improved by 4. 7 times; impact resistance AkV improved by 2. 9 times.
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Liquid-solid kneading forming process of zinc-based bearing alloy
Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2013-08-28