China's scientists first innovative dual-ion battery technology

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The latest achievements of Tang Yongbing, a member of the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and its research team, have demonstrated that the new high-energy-density aluminum-graphite double-ion battery technology has recently been published by the German Science Network after being published in the "Advanced Energy Materials," the top international energy material journal. Wissenschaft aktuell" was invited to report and was widely followed by the industry. If the technology is industrialized, it will have a major impact on the existing lithium industry structure.

“The discovery was amazing and it was a new battery technology that has never been reported.” When the editor informed the research results to be accepted by the journal, the anonymous reviewer’s evaluation was passed on to Tang Yongbing.

Currently, the main energy conversion and storage devices in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems are all lithium-ion batteries, but commercial lithium-ion batteries have low energy density, high manufacturing cost, and electrode materials for conventional lithium-ion batteries. Containing toxic metals, the disposal of batteries can cause serious environmental problems. In particular, the current demand for the power battery industry for new energy vehicles is booming, but power battery technology is still a gully before the development of new energy vehicles. Whether lithium-ion battery pack-driven electric vehicles, or fuel cell-driven electric vehicles, there are challenges in the cost and cruising range.

The new energy-density aluminum-graphite double-ion battery discovered by Tang Yongbing's team is a new type of high-efficiency and low-cost energy storage battery.

This new type of battery adjusts the positive and negative electrodes of traditional lithium-ion batteries and replaces lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, ternary or lithium iron phosphate, which are currently used in lithium-ion batteries in batches, with inexpensive and readily available graphite. The positive electrode material uses aluminum foil as a negative electrode material for a battery and a negative electrode collector, and the electrolyte is composed of a conventional lithium salt and a carbonate organic solvent. The working principle of this battery is different from the traditional lithium-ion battery: During charging, positive electrode graphite undergoes anion intercalation reaction, while aluminum negative electrode undergoes aluminum-lithium alloying reaction, and the discharge process is the opposite. This new reaction mechanism not only significantly increases the battery operating voltage (3.8-4.6V), but also significantly reduces the battery's quality, volume, and manufacturing costs, thereby increasing the overall battery energy density.

If this kind of technology is used for industrialization, the future mobile phone may be half as light as it is now. At the same time, our smart phones no longer need to be recharged every day. It is also a key issue that solves the problems of high cost and short battery life of electric vehicles. However, the current battery technology has yet to be optimized, such as the need to further improve the battery's cycle stability.

In recent years, new energy vehicles have swept the world under the support of policies, and the industry upstream has also ushered in many favorable conditions. Leading global battery production plants have set up factories in China. Although the continued prosperity of the new energy automotive market has led to the battery industry, whether it is a purely electric power battery or a hydrogen-fueled fuel cell, there are still technical challenges in terms of cost and cruising range. The current global demand for lithium is growing at a rate of 7.7% per year, and its market will reach 120 billion U.S. dollars by 2019 (according to the American Fredonia Group's market survey).

According to statistics on the ex-factory certificate of motor vehicles, in December 2015, China produced 99,800 new energy vehicles, which was a three-fold increase year-on-year. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Minister Miao Wei proposed at the two sessions this year that new energy vehicles will enter the growth period from the incubation period in 2009 to the present. In 2015, it produced and sold more than 300,000 vehicles, showing a trend of rapid growth over the previous year.

Miao Wei believes that the current development of new energy vehicles meet two bottlenecks, one is the product side, we must concentrate on conquering the product performance, reliability, cruising range, and service life represented by the power battery; secondly, the application is the representative The construction of charging facilities needs improvement. Miao Wei said that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has made some arrangements for both parties, and local governments have also taken active actions to ensure that new energy vehicles have further development.

At present, the government’s support for new energy vehicles is mainly concentrated in the back end of market sales, and there is less input in the front end of R&D and design. This “imbalance” can cause a very large lag effect, which is also the current battery technology development can not keep up The main internal cause of market sales growth. The new battery technology, such as industrialization, is expected to change the existing lithium industry structure.

According to preliminary estimates, the mileage of a 500Kg (kg) aluminum-graphite battery can reach approximately 550 kilometers. Compared with traditional lithium technology, this kind of battery has obvious advantages. Not only the production cost is reduced by about 40%-50%, but also the energy density is increased by at least 1.3-2.0 times. (Economic Daily News reporter Yan Huimin)

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